[心得] rsync備份系統以及grub重新安裝

看板Linux作者ringballer (.)時間3年前 (2021/03/03 21:40)推噓4(4推 0噓 9→)

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原來的系統硬碟怪怪的，又有not start from physical sectors問題。怕重新開機後開不了，以及想用新的分割，網路找到最佳方案似乎是用 rsync做系統移動。使用的OS是fedora21，以下是操作過程。 #Issue: some original OS SSD partitions do not start from physical sectors and encounter failing probability. This may comes from direct system backup using clonezilla from 256G SSD to 500G SSD # Original SSD has 3 primary partitions, 1 extended partition, 1 logical partition. New goal is to eliminate sector alignment issue and to re-partition SSD #Step A: partition new Disk #Step A.1: make disk label as msdos parted /dev/sdX mklabel msdos # (it seems gpt partition cannot work as bootable device) #Step A.2: partition new disk with parted. #(This step could also be done with fdisk) parted /dev/sdX mkpart primary 1M 1G # creat /boot parted /dev/sdX mkpart primary 1G 3G # creat swap parted /dev/sdX mkpart primary 3G 99% # creat / parted /dev/sdX mkpart primary 99% 100% # creat /home #Step A.3: assign bootable partition parted /dev/sdX set 1 boot on # make /dev/sdX1 bootable Step A.4: format partitions and make swap mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdX1 mkswap /dev/sdX2 mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdX3 mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdX4 #Step B: Assign Old UUIDs into new Disk #Step B.1: Show All UUIDs blkid #Step B.2: Update All UUIDs in new Disk tunefs2 -U Old_bootPartion_UUID /dev/sdX1 mkswap -U Old_swapPartition_UUID /dev/sdX2 tunefs2 -U Old_rootPartition_UUID /dev/sdX3 tunefs2 -U Old_homePartition_UUID /dev/sdX4 #Step C:mount new Disk partions in /mnt mount /dev/sdX3 /mnt mount /dev/sdX1 /mnt/boot mount /dev/sdX4 /mnt/home #Step D:synchronize all system. Sometimes /boot must be synchronize seperately rsync -aAxHAX --progress / --exclude={"/dev/*","/proc/*","/sys/*","/tmp/*","/run/*","/mnt/*", "/media/*","/lost+found"} /mnt #Step E:grub install #Step E.1: grub install in new disk. Without this step, BIOS could not identify new Disk as bootable device grub2-install --boot-directory=/mnt/boot /dev/sdX #Step E.2 make grub configurations for i in /dev /dev/pts /proc /sys /run; do sudo mount -B $i /mnt$i; done chroot /mnt dracut -f #(Without this step, dracut could keep searching old disk settings in booting process) grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg # after chroot /mnt, system regard /mnt/boot as /boot. -- ※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc), 來自: 150.116.204.152 (臺灣) ※ 文章網址: https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/Linux/M.1614778804.A.104.html